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George Moroses

Infor LX & BPCS Manufacturing Tip of the Week: Backward Scheduling

Operations are automatically backward scheduled at shop order release time. The backward scheduling algorithm starts with the shop order due date and schedules each operation based upon the standard move and queue times in the routings and the number of days the job is expected to run at standard. The system calculates and stores the operation scheduled start date. The dates may be modified by the shop order maintenance program. The number of days that a job is expected to run an operation is dependent upon the available capacity for that work center and the total hours scheduled for that operation.

The backward scheduling algorithm also considers the shop calendar for weekends, shutdowns, holidays, and partial days.

Backward Scheduling Process

The algorithm starts with the due date of the shop order or planned order. The system makes the following calculations for each operation in the reverse sequence:

  1. The number of move days is subtracted from the due date (or initial date of the previous operation) to get the due date for this operation. The move days are only used on valid shop calendar days.
  2. The system uses the following calculation for the number of clock hours for the operation: Standard run or machine hrs/No. of operators + setup hours
  3. The number of clock hours is spread over the available daily capacity of the work center for those given days. The system uses the following calculation for the daily capacity of the work center: Number of shifts x hours per shift x average efficiency/100
  4. Each day is checked against the shop calendar; the calculation bypasses inactive days or adjusts for any changes in the work center capacity for that day.
  5. Queue time days are subtracted in the same manner as move time days. The resulting date is the operation start date.

The algorithm then goes to the previous operation. When all operations have been included, the resulting date is the scheduled start date of the shop order. Note that MRP uses the item lead time to determine material requirement dates on planned orders.

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Tips:  LX | BPCS | M3

Understanding: What Was Issued to the Shop Order

The shop order inquiry program provides several function keys. By using the function key for the material, the display will present what components have been issued under the issued quantity column. You are also presented with the required quantity. While viewing the quantities you may see that more was issued than what was required. Possibly there was scrap and more material was required to be issued. Perhaps there was an over issue and the balance of the material is slated to be returned to stock.

A red flag should go up if the Shop Order quantity finished is equal to the required quantity for the end item and all the components have not been issued. You may want to investigate why.

Understanding: The quantities required, finished and remaining at the operation and in total for the Shop Order

The shop order may require 1,000 pieces but only 950 are reported as finished in total for the shop order. The quantity required is what is planned on the SO and it may be a higher number than what is finished, factoring in that there can be scrap. If a 1,000 pieces are required to be produced, and there is always is scrap of 10 pieces, then plan for scheduling a quantity of 1,010.

The quantity finished for the end item is what is reported in the inventory application with a production order receipt transaction. At the operation level, if the quantity is reported at the operation, there will be a value in the PCS Complete field on the operation detail screen showing the pieces completed through that operation.

If you want to get a handle on the difference between the required quantity and the finished quantity, you may want to look into reporting quantities at the operation level as well as examining how scrap is controlled and reported.

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Tips: LN | Baan

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